A Research Road Map for Responsible Use of Agricultural Nitrogen

نویسندگان

چکیده

Nitrogen (N) is an essential but generally limiting nutrient for biological systems. Development of the Haber-Bosch industrial process ammonia synthesis helped to relieve N limitation agricultural production, fueling Green Revolution and reducing hunger. However, massive use fertilizer has doubled moving through global cycle with dramatic environmental consequences that threaten planetary health. Thus, there urgent need reduce losses reactive from agriculture, while ensuring sufficient inputs food security. Here we review current knowledge related efficiency (NUE) in agriculture identify research opportunities areas agronomy, plant breeding, fixation (BNF), soil cycling, modeling achieve responsible, sustainable agriculture. Amongst these opportunities, improved practices synchronize crop demand availability are low-hanging fruit. Crop breeding targets root shoot physiological processes will likely increase uptake utilization N, BNF effectiveness legumes enhance overall system NUE. Likewise, engineering novel N-fixing symbioses non-legumes could chemical fertilizers agroecosystems a much longer-term goal. The simulation conceptualize complex, interwoven affect agroecosystem NUE, along multi-objective optimization, also accelerate NUE gains.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Frontiers in sustainable food systems

سال: 2021

ISSN: ['2571-581X']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2021.660155